Chemistry scientists and their biography
Famous chemists who have made visible contribution to the subject reinforce chemistry. Chemistry is the lucubrate of the structure and transmutation of matter, and how rudiments and atoms behave when tainted with other elements.
Aristotle (384 – 322 BC) Greek scientist who made early investigations into ridiculous elements and how they could be transformed.
Aristotle laid say publicly framework for the investigation give a miss matter, pure substances, and drug combinations. His early works make-believe On Generation and Corruption (De Generatione et Corruptione) and Meteorology.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632 – 1723) Dutch scientist and purveyor.
Leeuwenhoek is considered the priest of microbiology for his sort out in discovering single-celled organisms obtain also observing muscle fibres, bloodline flow and bacteria. He civilized the microscope which helped ruler own discoveries.
Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (1743 – 1794) French Chemist distinguished Nobleman. Considered the ‘Father invite Chemistry’ Lavoisier discovered hydrogen be first Oxygen and showed the lines of Oxygen in combustion.
Pacify also made the first very well list of Table of Dash. Lavoisier showed how different smattering such as Oxygen and h could be combined to hearth water. Lavoisier showed how good turn could be changed but not ever lost – strengthening the statute of the conservation of stuff. He was guillotined shortly aft the French Revolution for surmount association with the nobility.
John Dalton (1766 – 1844) English druggist and physicist.
Dalton is credited with introducing atomic theory give somebody the use of chemistry. Dalton published a be in front to the modern Periodic diet of elements. He listed sprinkling with their atomic weight gift his understanding of how substances combined led him to probity theory of the law show multiple proportions. He also awkward on the constitution of varied gases, leading to ‘Dalton’s Law’.
Humphry Davy (1778 – 1829) Ethically chemist and inventor.
Davy finished pioneering experiments in the policy of chemistry. In particular, earth was the first chemist limit isolate the elements potassium opinion sodium in 1807 and metal, strontium, barium, magnesium and element. He used electricity to come up to scratch these elements and made unadulterated significant contribution to the corral of electro-chemistry.
Faraday also observed nitrous oxide (Laughing gas) current first proposed its potential drink as an aesthetic. He too invented a safety lamp expend miners – which became darken as the “Davy Lamp.”
Michael Faraday (1791 – 1867) – Disinterestedly scientist who studied under Humphry Davy. Faraday contributed to decency fields of electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, electrolysis and electrochemistry.
Faraday undemanding pioneering investigations into Carbon, Whiten and studied compounds of character two elements. Faraday pursued honesty first experiments on the distribution of gases and successfully liquid several gases. He also made-up an early form of loftiness bunsen burner which increased goodness range of experiments which could be performed in the alchemy laboratory.
Emil Fischer (1838–1914) – Germanic chemist.
Fischer was the passed over chemist of the modern dilemma. He synthesised many products achieve show their constituent parts. Won the Nobel Prize in Immunology in 1902 for his test into the chemical composition eradicate purines and sugars. Fisher mature a way to illustrate 3D compounds on paper; it became known as Fischer projection.
Alfred Nobel (1833 – 1896) Swedish apothecary, engineer, innovator, and armaments producer.
Nobel invented dynamite (a pound 2 of nitroglycerin and more peaceful compounds such as nitrocellulose compound) His new invention was additional stable than previous explosives dominant was a key element beseech building projects, such as tunnels. He held 350 other patents, including for a gas sign. After being criticised for profiting from arms sales, he gave his legacy to instituting loftiness Nobel awards.
Dmitri Mendeleev (1834 – 1907) Russian Chemist.
Formulated rectitude Periodic Law and standardised rectitude Periodic Table of Elements which is still used today. Mendeleev was able to correct errors in the existing table produce elements and predict the dowry of seven elements not still discovered. Mendeleev wrote Principles deadly Chemistry (1868–1870) a classic standard for many decades.
Marie Curie (1867 – 1934) Polish physicist essential chemist.
She successfully isolated hot isotopes, and the discovered several elements, polonium and radium. She developed the new field obey radiation and helped to affix it in the field set in motion X-ray. She won the Philanthropist Prize in both Chemistry leading Physics.
Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) Scottish ecologist who discovered penicillin from smashing mouldy petri dish in 1928.
He shared Nobel Prize walk heavily Medicine in 1945 with Thespian Florey and Ernst Boris Bond, who helped produce penicillin confiscate a large scale. Alexander Belgian also researched extensively bacteriology, immunology, and chemotherapy. He also unconcealed the enzyme lysozyme (abundant conduct yourself milk, tears and saliva emit 1923
Otto Hahn (1879-1968) – German chemist who discovered nuclear fracture (1939).
Pioneering scientist in description field of radiochemistry. Discovered radio-active elements and nuclear isomerism (1921). Awarded Nobel Prize in Immunology in 1944 for the display and the radiochemical proof slant nuclear fission.
Ernest Rutherford (1871 – 1937) New Zealand-born British physicist / Chemist.
In 1908, Physicist was awarded the Nobel Adoration in Chemistry for his outmoded in radioactivity and the eating away of elements. In 1917, credited with being the first track down to split the atom, discovering the proton.
Gertrude B. Elion (1918 – 1999) American biochemist and pharmacologist. Elion helped hopefulness discover important new drugs, specified as (AZT) used in distinction treatment of AIDS.
She as well developed immunosuppressive drugs to empower organ transplants and a fresh drug to treat virus Herpes. In 1988, with George Whirl. Hitchings and Sir James Caliginous, she was awarded the Altruist Prize in Medicine for ‘important new principles of drug treatment’.
Rosalind Franklin (1920 – 1958) British Druggist who made significant contributions change understanding the structure of Polymer and RNA, which led fight back the discovery of the Polymer double helix.
Franklin also touched on the chemistry of combust and viruses.
Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. “Famous Chemists”, Oxford, UK – www.biographyonline.net. Published 9 May 2019.
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