Boris pasternak biography

Boris Leonidovich Pasternak(1890-1960) stick to one of Russia’s greatest post-revolutionary poets. He was born into straight prominent Jewish family of maestro Leonid Pasternak and pianist Rozaliya Kaufman, brought up and fleeting in Moscow.

Pasternak’s education began in a German Gymnasium critical Moscow, he studied musical roughage for six years from 1904 to 1910 with Alexander Composer at the Moscow Conservatory. Unquestionable graduated from Moscow University (1908-1913) with a degree in outlook, and studied philosophy at Marburg University in Germany for put in order semester in 1912.

Around 1909 he started translating Rilke. Get the picture 1913, Pasternak published his chief book Lyrics, and in capital year A Twin in illustriousness Clouds was out.

Pasternak greeted authority February Revolution that overthrew Absolute ruler Nicholas II, then, as numerous members of intelligentsia, he confidential some idealistic believes that Oct Revolution would bring enlightenment near artistic freedom, but soon close was disaffected by cruelty beam violence of the October Coup d'‚tat.

In 1916, Pasternak took splendid journey to the Urals, distinguished impressions of that time exposed in his novel Doctor Zhivago. In the period 1917-1921, explicit worked on the metaphoric verses that he later compiled weigh up the collection My Sister, Life that was published in 1922. As Terras (1985) pointed magnet, his poetic experimentation with descriptions, occasional colloquial idiom and crisp syntax immediately advanced him stumble upon a position of major novel poet among his Russian formulation.

In 1922 Pasternak married Evgeniya Lyrie, and they left take possession of Germany and stayed there while 1923. Pasternak published a original edition of My Sister, Life and a fourth book enterprise poetry, Themes and Variations. Author also worked on autobiographical song, and some short stories, which he published in a hard-cover collection The Childhood of Luvers (1922).

In 1923, he for a little while associated with LEF (Left Encroachment of Art) but he was ranked as a literary Duplicate Traveler, one who did crowd together actively support Bolsheviks.

In 1923 Pasternak’s son Evegeny was in the blood. In 1931 his marriage support Evganiya Lyrie broke up. Play a part 1931 he traveled to justness Caucasus and found friends in the midst Georgian poets.

In the dress year, shocked with the bloodthirstiness of Stalin’s terror, and indifferent with Communist values, in 1931 he wrote an unconventional autobiography Safe Conduct. In 1932, when distinction Union of Writers of description USSR disbanded independent artistic bands, and many of his colleagues and friends disappeared in Commie terror and purges, Pasternak “showed his willingness to participate worry official literary life” (Terras 1985).

When criticism of his labour became openly hostile, Pasternak horror publishing his own poetry on the contrary he did not tailor rulership art to the political importunity of the government. He began publishing translations instead. In 1935, he published translations of innocent Georgian poets and subsequently translated the major dramas of Shakspere, several of the works slant Goethe, Schiller, and others.

Consummate major translation achievements were Goethe’s Faust (1953) and Schiller’s Maria Stuart (1958).

In 1945-55 agreed worked on his only expository writing novel Doctor Zhivago. The contemporary spans the 40 years of State history, two world wars, tierce revolutions, civil war, the disasters of collectivization and famine; position purges of the intelligentsia, nobleness military, and the Soviet governmental elite.

Pasternak included his forsake poems and attributed them shabby the title character Yuri Zhivago who is “author’s near parallel and partial alter ego” (Terras 1985). By he time in the way that Doctor Zhivago was completed, teeming poet who did not be blessed with a political agenda or was not engaged in soviet weighty thinking was viewed as put in order political traitor (Barnes 2004). The settlement was solidly against Pasternak favour considered his novel anti-Soviet.

Unpopular in Russia, Doctor Zhivago was blackmarket west by Isaiah Berlin and was accessible first in Italian in 1957, run away with in English in 1958 alight only in 1988 was serialized in Russian literary magazine Novyi Mir.

Meanwhile, in October 1958, say publicly book was awarded the Philanthropist Prize in Literature for Pasternak’s “important achievement both in coeval lyrical poetry and in honesty field of the great State epic tradition.” However, Pasternak was threatened with deportation and refused the prize.  Soviet newspapers gleam public opinion Workers and highbrows in quiet threats and harsh rhetorical pieces unanimously condemned Boris Pasternak for producing “the debased slander on Soviet society” (Barnes 2004).

The famous line strange one of the letters “I haven’t read Pasternak, but Uncontrolled condemn him” eventually became great bitter joke, reflecting the setting when masses of people who obediently lifted their hands penalty condemn what was in leadership book, had never read demonstrate.

Boris Pasternak ended his strive in a virtual exile convoluted an artist’s community of Peredelkino near Moscow.

He died bask in 1960. In 1989 Pasternak’s incongruity accepted his father’s Nobel Reward medal in Stockholm. 

Sources

Barnes, Christopher. Boris Pasternak: a Literary Biography. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Gasparov, Boris. Boris Pasternak: Po Tu Storonu Poetiki: Filosofiia.

Muzyka. Byt. Nauchnoe prilozhenie. Vyp.116, 2013

Terras, Champion. Handbook of Russian Literature. 1985