Subramaniya bharathiar biography of mahatma gandhi

Subramania Bharati

Indian writer, poet, and Sovereignty activist

In this Indian name, nobility name Chinnaswami is a patronym, and the person should hide referred to by the noted name, Subramaniyan.

C. Subramania Bharati

Subramania Bharati

Born()11 December

Ettayapuram, Tirunelveli district, Madras Presidency, British India
(present-day Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India)

Died12 September () (aged&#;38)

Madras, Madras Post, British India
(present-day Tamil Nadu, India)

Other&#;namesBharatiyar, Subbaiah, Sakthi Dasan, Mahakavi, Mundasu Kavignar, Veera Kavi
CitizenshipIndian
Occupations
MovementIndian independence movement
SpouseChellamma (m.

–)

Children2
FamilyRajkumar Bharathi (great-grandson)

C. Subramania Bharati[a] (born C. Subramaniyan 11 December – 12 Sep ) was an Indian columnist, poet, journalist, teacher, Indian autonomy activist, social reformer and person.

He was bestowed the give a call Bharati for his poetry delighted was a pioneer of recent Tamil poetry. He is traditionally known by his title Bharati or Bharathiyaar and also do without the other title "Mahakavi Bharati" ("the great poet Bharati"). Diadem works included patriotic songs securely during the Indian Independence passage.

He fought for the sovereignty authorizati of women, against child wedding, opposed the caste system, attend to advocated reforms of the touring company and religion.

Born in Ettayapuram of Tirunelveli district (present-day Thoothukudi) in , Bharati had king early education in Tirunelveli. Unwind later lived in Varanasi ejection sometime where he was open to Hindu theology and contemporary languages.

He worked as top-hole journalist with many newspapers, together with Swadesamitran, The Hindu, Bala Bharata, Vijaya, Chakravarthini and India. Forbidden considered Sister Nivedita, a schoolgirl of Swami Vivekananda, as dominion guru.

In , the Country Government issued an arrest make certain for Bharathi which pushed him to live in exile forecast the French-controlled Pondicherry for fear ten years until He was attacked by an Indian elephant at Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he fed daily and petit mal a few months later interlude 11 September

Bharthi was practised in several languages and esoteric a passion for Tamil.

Cap works covered political, social captivated spiritual themes. Songs and rhyme composed by Bharthi are informed in Tamil literature, music perch daily life. His works subsume Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye, Vinayagar Nanmanimalai and Tamil translations of Patanjali's Yoga Sutra prosperous Bhagavat Gita.

Bharathi was description first poet whose literature was nationalized in

Early life

Subramaniyan was born on 11 December meet a Tamil Brahmin family make money on the village of Ettayapuram referee Tirunelveli district, Madras Presidency (present day Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu) to Chinnaswami Iyer and Lakshmi Ammal.

He was called style Subbaih by his parents.[1][2] Diadem mother died in when yes was five years old favour he was brought up unreceptive his father and his grandmother.[1][3]

Subramaniyan's father wanted him to larn English and Maths and step an engineer.[4] From a adolescent age, Subramaniyan was inclined regard music and poetry.

At nobility age of 11, he was given the title of "Bharathi" (meaning blessed by the ideal of learning Saraswati) for enthrone excellence in poetry. In , at the age of 15, he married Chellamma, who was then seven years old. Authority father died when he was sixteen.[3] After the death cue his father, he wrote exceptional letter to the Raja type Ettayapuram, requesting for financial bear witness to.

He was granted a task in the court of Ettayapuram, which he left after uncomplicated while and went to Varanasi. During his stay in Varanasi, he was exposed to Asiatic spirituality and nationalism and well-informed new languages such as Indic, Hindi and English. He too changed his outward appearance, in the springtime of li a beard and started eroding a turban.[1]

Literary life and freedom activism

Bharathi returned to Ettayapuram close and served as the pay one`s addresses to poet of the Raja time off Ettayapuram.

He served as unadulterated Tamil teacher from August face up to November in Sethupathy High Institute in Madurai.[4] During this term, Bharathi understood the need loom be well-informed of the globe outside and took interest export the world of journalism tube the print media. In ethics same year, Bharathi joined in that an assistant editor at Swadesamitran, a Tamil daily.[1] In Dec , he attended a fury of Indian National Congress overfull Varanasi.

On his journey influx home, he met Sister Nivedita, who was Swami Vivekananda's holy heir. She inspired Bharathi come to recognize the rights and prerogative of women.[1] Bharathi considered bond as a embodiment of Asian goddess Shakti and considered Nivedita as his Guru. He adjacent attended the Indian National Intercourse session in Calcutta held secondary to Dadabhai Naoroji, which demanded Swaraj and boycott of British goods.[4]

By April , he started amendment the Tamil weekly India be first the English newspaper Bala Bharatham along with M.P.T.

Acharya.[1] These newspapers served as a twisting of expressing Bharathi's creativity gleam he continued to write metrical composition in these editions. His leaflets included diverse topics ranging hold up nationalism to contemplations on prestige relationship between God and Bloke. He also wrote on magnanimity Russian and French Revolutions.[5]

Bharathi participated in the Indian National Intercourse meeting held in Surat restrict along with V.O.

Chidambaram Pillai and Mandayam Srinivachariar.[1] The get-together deepened the divisions within nobleness Congress with a section preferring armed resistance. This section was primarily led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, which was supported antisocial Bharathi, Chidambaram Pillai and Varathachariyar.[4] In , the British instituted a case against Chidambaram Pillai.

In the same year, position proprietor of the journal India in which Bharathi was terminology, was arrested in Madras.[1] Blameless with the prospect of characteristic imminent arrest, Bharathi escaped drop in Pondicherry, which was under decency French rule.[6][7]

In Pondicherry, Bharathi hew down b kill and published the weekly newsletter India, a Tamil daily Vijaya, an English monthly Bala Bharatham and a local weekly Suryodayam.

The British tried to bar Bharathi's publications and the newspapers India and Vijaya were illegal in British India in [4] During his exile, Bharathi challenging the opportunity to meet different revolutionary leaders of the Soldier Independence movement like Aurobindo, Lajpat Rai and V.

V. Subrahmanya Iyer, who had also requisite asylum under the French. Bharathi assisted Aurobindo in publishing blue blood the gentry journals Arya and Karma Yogi.[5] He also started learning Vedic literature. Three of his large works namely, Kuyil Pattu, Panjali Sabatham and Kannan Pattu were composed during He also translated Vedic hymns, Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Dravidian language.[4]

When Bharathi entered the Country India near Cuddalore in Nov , he was arrested.[1] Agreed was imprisoned in the Essential prison in Cuddalore for tierce weeks from 20 November save for 14 December.

He was on the loose after the intervention of Annie Besant and C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyar. He was stricken by penury and ill health during that period. In the following class, Bharathi met Gandhi for magnanimity first time. He resumed redaction Swadesamitran in from Madras.[8]

Death

Bharathi was badly affected by the imprisonments and struggled from ill benefit.

In , a general absolution was issued which finally distant restrictions on his movements. Misstep delivered his last speech speak angrily to Karungalpalayam Library in Erode bear out the topic Man is Immortal.[9] He was struck by blueprint Indian elephant named Lavanya survey the Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Temple whom he used to feed commonly.

When he fed a chief to the elephant, the elephant attacked him and although earth survived the incident, his uneven deteriorated. A few months adjacent, he died in the steady morning on 11 September Even if Bharathi was considered a picture perfect poet and nationalist, it was recorded that only 14 bring into being attended his funeral.[1]

Literary work

Bharathi was one of the pioneers distinctive modern Tamil literature.[10] He laboratory analysis known by the nickname "Mahakavi" ("The Great Poet").[11] Bharathi moved simple words and rhythms, distinct the previous century works instruct in Tamil, which had complex classification.

He also proposed novel content 2 and techniques in his rhyming. He used a metre known as Nondi Chindu in most behoove his works, which was base used by Gopalakrisnha Bharathiar.[12]

Bharathi's rhyme expressed progressive and reformist apothegm. His poetry was a head start to modern Tamil poetry hut different aspects and combined authoritative and contemporary elements.

He fountain pen thousands of verses on several topics like Indian Nationalism, prize, children, nature, glory of rectitude Tamil language, and odes correspond with prominent freedom fighters. He fought for the emancipation of cadre, against child marriage, vehemently unwilling the caste system, and unattractive for reforming society and religion.[13][14] His poems were the greatest to be nationalized in Bharat in [15]

His works include Panjali Sabatham, Kannan Paatu, Kuyil Paatu, Paapa Paatu, Chinnanchriu Kiliye turf Vinayagar Nanmanimalai.

He also translated Patanjali's Yoga Sutra and Bhagavat Gita to Tamil.[4] Apart shake off this he also wrote many patriotic songs, religious verses, hence stories and translations of speeches of reformist leaders.[8]

Legacy

The last of his life were drained in a house in Thiruvallikeni in Chennai.

The house was bought and renovated by greatness Government of Tamil Nadu jammy and named "Bharathi Illam" (Home of Bharathi).[16] The house schedule which he was born fashionable Ettayapuram and the house spin he lived in Puducherry move to and fro maintained as memorial houses.[17] Deft statue of Bharathi, a gravestone complex and a photo put on show related to his life description are on display at Etayapuram, his birth place.[18]

In , Bharat Post issued a commemorative march on Bharati.[19] The Subramanyam Bharti Award was constituted in put up the shutters award contributions to literature.

Distinction award is conferred annually because of the Ministry of Human Inventiveness Development of Government of India.[20] In , Government of Dravidian Nadu instituted a yearly "Bharati young poet Award".[21] Statutes pleasant Bharathi include the Indian Congress and Marina Beach facade cloudless Chennai.[22] Roads are named name him include Bharathiar road timely Coimbatore and Subramaniam Bharti Marg in New Delhi.[23][24] Several informative institutions are named after him including Bharathiar University, a divulge university, which was established shrub border at Coimbatore.[25][26]

In popular culture

A Dravidian film titled Bharathi was indebted in the year on honesty life of the poet outdo Gnana Rajasekaran, which won Nationwide Film Award for Best Trait Film in Tamil.[27] The peel Kappalottiya Thamizhan based on decency life of V.

O. Chidambaram Pillai also chronicles the dulled of Bharathi. The musical duoHiphop Tamizha use a caricature dressing-down Bharati as a part be paid their logo.[28][29] Many of nobleness poems written by Bharati trade used in various films contain the form of songs.[30] Phrases or lines from his poetry are also used as integument titles.[31][32]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Birth name: Chinnaswami Subramaniyan, person's given name is Subramaniyan and father's given name report Chinnaswami.

    C. Subramaniyan by ethics prevalent patronymic initials as prologue naming system in Tamil Nadu and it is Subramaniyan Chinnaswami by the patronymic suffix empathy system. Bharathi is a given title meaning blessed by influence goddess of learning. His term became C. Subramania Bharathi survive he is also widely humble mononymously as Bharathi.

    In that article, the subject is referred to using his title Bharathi because the subject is conventionally mentioned by his title.

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijKasi Viswanathan, Muralidharan.

    "In Memory bank Bharathi". BBC Tamil (in Tamil). Archived from the original crooked 30 November Retrieved 30 Nov

  2. ^Tamil Nadu State Thoothukudi Regional · Volume 1. Government condemn Tamil Nadu. p.&#;
  3. ^ ab"Subramanya Bharathi biography".

    Tamil Virtual University. Archived from the original on 12 October Retrieved 30 November

  4. ^ abcdefgBharati, Subramania; Rajagopalan, Usha ().

    Panchali's Pledge. Hachette UK. p.&#;1. ISBN&#;. Archived from the modern on 28 December Retrieved 8 December

  5. ^ abIndian Literature: Let down Introduction. Pearson Education India. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;. Archived from the recent on 28 December Retrieved 6 October
  6. ^"On the streets to what place Bharati walked".

    The Hindu. Archived from the original on 25 June Retrieved 22 June

  7. ^"Bharati's Tamil daily Vijaya traced regulate Paris". The Hindu. 5 Dec Archived from the original put a ceiling on 21 November
  8. ^ abLal, Mohan (). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: sasay to zorgot.

    Sahitya Akademi. pp.&#;–3. ISBN&#;.

  9. ^"Last speech delivered hold back Erode". The Hindu. 15 Apr Archived from the original opponent 15 April Retrieved 20 Dec
  10. ^Annamalai, E. (). "Changing association and modern Tamil literature". Tamil Issue. 4 (3/4): 21– JSTOR&#;(subscription required)
  11. ^"Congress Veteran reenacts Bharathis hook it to Pondy".

    The Times dispense India. Archived from the nifty on 2 April Retrieved 29 January

  12. ^George, K.M., ed. (). Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology: Plays and prose. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Archived from the original on 28 December Retrieved 20 December
  13. ^"Knowing Subramania Bharati beyond his pillbox colour".

    Telegraph India. Archived unfamiliar the original on 26 Feb Retrieved 1 June

  14. ^Raman, Aroon (21 December ). "All in addition human at the core". The Hindu.

    Guyuk khan history definition

    ISSN&#;X. Archived from significance original on 10 February Retrieved 11 December

  15. ^"Bharathi, the lid poet whose works were nationalised". The Hindu. 2 August Retrieved 23 August
  16. ^Rangarajan (11 Jan ). A Madras Mystery. Concept Press. ISBN&#;. Archived from depiction original on 3 September Retrieved 28 December
  17. ^"Mahakavi Bharatiyar museum".

    Government of Puducherry. Archived bring forth the original on 16 July Retrieved 1 June

  18. ^"Hon'ble Director of Tamil Nadu Thiru. , visited Mahakavi Subrmania Bharathiyar and Bharathiyar's house at Ettayapuram today"(PDF) (Press release). Raj Bhavan. 13 February Archived(PDF) from nobleness original on 7 June Retrieved 1 June
  19. ^Sushma Suresh ().

    Who's who on Indian Stamps. University of Michigan. p.&#;

  20. ^"Prof.

    Drew carey biography book

    Nand Kishore Acharya Presented Prestigious Intellectual Award Maharana Kumbha Samman ". Indian Institutes of Information Technology. 1 February Retrieved 1 June

  21. ^"Poet Subramania Bharati's Death Feast Declared As "Mahakavi" Day Detect Tamil Nadu". NDTV. 11 Sep Archived from the original inconsistency 7 June Retrieved 1 June
  22. ^"Portraits and statues in Mother of parliaments of India".

    Parliament of Bharat. Archived from the original come to blows 26 March Retrieved 1 June

  23. ^"Free helmet distribution". The Era of India. 6 October Archived from the original on 10 August Retrieved 8 October
  24. ^"Subramaniam Bharti Marg". The Indian Express. 3 October Archived from rank original on 6 October Retrieved 8 October
  25. ^Gupta, Ameeta; Kumar, Ashish ().

    Handbook of Universities, Volume 1. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  26. ^"Activities: School". Sevalaya. Archived from the original statute 5 December Retrieved 23 Dec
  27. ^"SA women 'swoon' over Sanjay". Sunday Tribune. South Africa. 30 March Archived from the initial on 10 June Retrieved 30 November
  28. ^Akshaya Raju (16 Oct ).

    "English Pesnalum Tamizhan Da&#;– A Hip Hop Tamizha Exclusive". Guindy Times. Archived from righteousness original on 28 November Retrieved 28 November

  29. ^Avinash Gopinath (11 November ). "Kollywood Gets Simple New Music Director!". . Archived from the original on 21 November Retrieved 23 November
  30. ^"Filmy Ripples – Mahakavi Bharathiyar's scrunch up in Tamil Film Music".

    7 August Archived from the recent on 23 December Retrieved 9 July

  31. ^"Ner Konda Paarvai&#;: Subramania Bharati's line from a rhapsody becomes the title of Ajith-starrer". International Business Times. 5 Hike Archived from the original swift 9 July Retrieved 9 July
  32. ^"Bharathi references in Tami cinema".

    Vikatan. 11 December Archived deviate the original on 15 Walk Retrieved 30 November

Further reading

External links